Specific Phobia
When a person has a specific phobia he or she experiences intense or irrational fear of a particular thing that actually poses no true danger. There are many different specific phobias, and some of them include: closed-in or tight places, spiders, heights, water, tunnels, cats or dogs, highway driving, flying, and blood. It is important to note that these phobias are not just fearful, but they are irrationally fearful.
Anxiety Information
Specific Phobia Symptoms
- Anxiety reaction if the person is exposed to the object.
- Both anxiety and discomfort will be out of proportion as there is no real threat from the object.
- There may be excessive sweating, increased heart rate, and poor motor control.
- The person will try to avoid all situations that might lead to contact or exposure to the object.
- The individual may also feel as if he or she is a coward or is weak. They can lose their self-esteem because of their avoidance issues.
Causes of Specific Phobia
No one knows the cause behind specific phobias; however, most of them seem to be rooted in a past traumatic experience. In some cases, it may a learned reaction. For instance, if someone is attacked by a dog, they may develop this event into a specific phobia of dogs or animals in general. Even witnessing something traumatic can lead to a specific phobia. For some people, repeated verbal warnings about a place or thing may lead to problems later on in life.Specific Phobia Treatment
For those with these phobias, treatment may include medication and/or cognitive-behavior therapy. Most people will benefit from behavioral therapy for any number of specific phobias (SPs). If the condition is severe, medication may be included as a treatment option. Drugs often used include : benzodiazepines have yet to be shown as effective.Medications for Specific Phobia
SSRI antidepressant medications have long been prescribed as anxiety disorders. These include: panic disorders, generalized anxiety disorders, and many of the specific phobias. SSRIs are preferred over other types of antidepressants because they are effective and most patients can tolerate them well. With improved clinical compliance, the adverse effect profiles of the SSRI drugs are less prominent. These drugs will affect the level of serotonin that is in the brain. These drugs include:- fluoxetine (Prozac)
- paroxetine (Paxil)
- sertraline (Zoloft)
- fluvoxamine (Luvox)
- escitalopram (Lexapro)
- citalopram (Celexa)
More Information on Specific Phobia:
-
Phobic Disorders - eMedicine.com from WebMD offers complete guide on phobic disorders.
Comprehensive review of treatment studies - Treatment of specific phobia in adults.
Treatment of Specific Phobias - The Child Study Center working on the Child Phobia Project sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health.
EMDR in the Treatment of Specific Phobia - Completed study to determine whether EMDR is effective in the treatment of specific (animal) phobia.
Phobic Disorders - Merck Manual Home Edition for the topic.